tools of the trade linux and sql coursera weekly challenge 1 answers

Test your knowledge: The wonderful world of operating systems

1. What is an operating system?

  • The physical components of a computer
  • The interface between computer hardware and the user
  • A program for sending email
  • A computer, smartphone, or tablet

2. Which of the following are operating systems? Select all that apply.

  • Linux
  • Android
  • Windows
  • Smartphones

3. Which of the following statements correctly describe operating systems? Select all that apply.

  • Computers run efficiently because of operating systems.
  • Operating systems are the physical components of a computer.
  • Operating systems are able to run many applications at once.
  • Operating systems help people interact with computers in complex ways.

4. Computers communicate in a language called binary, which consists of 0s and 1s.

  • True
  • False

Test your knowledge: The operating system at work

5. What is the job of a computer's operating system?

  • Allow users to specify tasks
  • Help other computer programs run efficiently
  • Load the bootloader
  • Turn on the computer

6. Fill in the blank: In order to carry out tasks on a computer, users directly interact with _____.

  • the BIOS
  • task managers
  • the CPU
  • applications

7. The management of a computer’s resources and memory is handled by an application.

  • True
  • False

8. Which of the following processes are part of starting an operating system? Select all that apply.

  • The BIOS or UEFI microchip loads the bootloader.
  • The bootloader starts the operating system.
  • Either the BIOS or UEFI microchip is activated when a user turns on a computer.
  • The bootloader immediately launches when a user turns on a computer.

Test your knowledge: The user interface

9. What is a GUI?

  • A user interface that enables people to manage tasks on a computer using icons
  • A user interface that allows people to interact with a computer through commands
  • A user interface that runs only on Linux operating systems
  • A user interface that only runs on mobile devices

10. Which of the following can be components of a GUI? Select all that apply.

  • Desktop icons and shortcuts
  • Hardware
  • Task bar
  • Start menu

11. Fill in the blank: A security professional uses a(n) _____ to interact with a computer using text-based instructions.

  • operating system
  • GUI
  • text system
  • CLI

12. A useful feature of a CLI is that it records a history file of commands and actions.

  • True
  • False

Weekly challenge 1

13. Which of the following statements accurately describe operating systems? Select all that apply.

  • Operating systems are responsible for making computers run efficiently.
  • Operating systems are a type of computer hardware.
  • Computers have operating systems, but smartphones and tablets do not have them.
  • Operating systems help people and computers communicate.

14. Which of the following are common operating systems? Select three answers.

  • macOS®
  • Linux
  • PC
  • Windows

15. What is a bootloader?

  • A program that checks for malware infections on a computer
  • A program that starts an operating system
  • A program that communicates instructions to the user
  • A program that loads the BIOS or UEFI chip

16. Fill in the blank: When someone uses a computer application, the operating system interprets the user's requests and directs them to the appropriate _____.

  • user on the system
  • applications
  • user interface
  • components of the computers hardware

17. What happens when you use applications on your computer? Select three answers.

  • The application receives information from the operating system and sends a confirmation message directly to the hardware.
  • The operating system interprets a request from the application and directs it to the appropriate components of the computer’s hardware.
  • The application sends your request to the operating system.
  • The hardware sends information back to the operating system, which is sent back to the application.

18. Fill in the blank: The user communicates with the operating system via a(n) _____.

  • user application
  • specialized type of hardware
  • another operating system
  • user interface

19. Which of the following statements correctly describe GUIs and CLIs? Select three answers.

  • A CLI performs multiple tasks less efficiently than a GUI.
  • CLI commands execute tasks, such as moving a file to a new folder.
  • GUI icons help users manage different tasks on a computer.
  • A CLI is a text-based user interface.

20. A security team suspects that an attacker has compromised their system. They examine the commands entered by the attacker to determine whether they can trace the attacker’s actions to help them resolve the incident. What does this scenario describe?

  • Reviewing a history file in a GUI
  • Repeating a process using icons
  • Reviewing a history file in a CLI
  • Examining the usage of files and applications from a start menu

21. To ensure a computer's capacity is used where it is needed most, what does an operating system manage?

  • BIOS and UEFI
  • Viruses and malware
  • Icons and graphics
  • Resources and memory

22. Which of the following statements accurately describe operating systems? Select all that apply.

  • Operating systems are the interfaces between computer hardware and user.
  • Computers, smartphones, and tablets all have operating systems.
  • Operating systems only permit one application to run at a time.
  • Operating systems are responsible for making computers run efficiently.

23. Which of the following operating systems run on desktop and laptop computers? Select two answers.

  • Android
  • iOS
  • macOS®
  • Windows

24. Fill in the blank: When someone uses a computer application, the _____ interprets the user's requests and directs them to the appropriate components of the computer's hardware.

  • CPU
  • bootloader
  • operating system
  • BIOS

25. If you wanted to perform a calculation on your computer, which of these things would happen? Select three answers.

  • The application would send this request to the operating system.
  • The hardware would send the answer directly back to the application.
  • You would type in the number you wanted to calculate into the application.
  • The hardware would determine the answer and send it back to the operating system.

26. Fill in the blank: The _____ ensures the limited capacity of a computer system is used where it's needed most.

  • bootloader
  • task manager
  • hardware
  • operating system

27. Which of the following statements accurately describe operating systems? Select all that apply.

  • Smartphones do not have operating systems.
  • Operating systems help people and computers communicate.
  • Operating systems are part of the physical components of a computer.
  • Operating systems enable computers to run multiple applications at once.

28. Which of the following operating systems were designed to run on mobile devices? Select two answers.

  • Android
  • macOS®
  • Linux
  • iOS

29. What components are involved in the booting process? Select two answers.

  • The bootloader
  • BIOS or UEFI
  • A CLI
  • A GUI

30. Fill in the blank: A _____ is a program that allows users to control functions of the operating system.

  • UEFI chip
  • user interface
  • bootloader
  • CPU

31. Which of the following statements correctly describe GUIs and CLIs? Select three answers.

  • A CLI uses commands to communicate with an operating system.
  • A CLI can complete multiple tasks efficiently.
  • A GUI is a text-based user interface.
  • GUI icons help users manage different tasks on a computer.

32. What does BIOS load in order to start an operating system?

  • The bootloader
  • The user interface
  • UEFI
  • An anti-virus application

33. A security team responds to a breach by following the instructions from their playbook. They later want to ensure all of the commands they entered were correct. So, they review the saved steps they performed in the command line. What does this scenario describe?

  • Repeating a process using icons
  • Saving files and applications from a start menu
  • Reviewing a history file in a GUI
  • Reviewing a history file in a CLI

34. Fill in the blank: On a computer, the _____ handles resource and memory management.

  • task manager
  • hardware
  • browser
  • operating system

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