data modeling in power bi coursera week 4 answers

Self-review: Building and optimizing a data model

1. When optimizing the data types in the Customers table, how did you ensure that the Customer ID is correctly recognized?

  • By setting Customer ID as a numeric identifier as a Whole Number.
  • By marking Customer ID as a Text data type to ensure clarity.
  • By setting Customer ID as a Decimal Number to account for varying values.

2. Based on observation of the first 10 records in the Orders table, which payment method was used the most by Adventure Works’ customers?

  • Credit Card
  • Debit Card
  • Cash

3. In the context of Adventure Works, what type of relationship did you create between the Customers and Orders tables based on their shared Customer ID columns?

  • Many-to-many.
  • Many-to-one.
  • One-to-many.

4. What action did you take to optimize the Order total column in the Orders table?

  • It was adjusted to Whole number.
  • It was adjusted to Decimal number.
  • It was adjusted to Text.

5. What action did you take to disable the Auto Date/Time feature in Power BI?

  • Uncheck the Auto Date/Time checkbox in Data Load options.
  • Access the File tab and select Data Preferences.
  • Modify date properties in the Options window.

Course quiz: Modeling data in Power BI

6. You are a lead data analyst at Adventure Works, conducting a workshop for new hires. A junior recruit asks, “What is the primary purpose of data modeling?” How do you respond?

  • To design a clear organization of data for easy visualization.
  • To create a structured data representation to support different business aims.
  • To create a basis for data-driven strategies.

7. You're a Data Analyst at Adventure Works. In a recent meeting, you were presented with a proposal to utilize a Flat schema for an upcoming Power BI project. Given your expertise, your colleague asks about the implications of this approach during a coffee break. What would you tell her is a significant disadvantage of a Flat schema in Power BI?

  • It leads to data redundancy and inconsistency.
  • It is complex to implement.
  • It lacks data visualization capabilities.

8. What does a Star schema in Power BI primarily consist of?

  • A central Fact table that connects to multiple dimension tables.
  • Multiple Fact tables connected by a central dimension table.
  • One table containing all data.

9. True or False: The main reason for selecting the appropriate schema in database design and management is to influence the speed of the data collection process.

  • True
  • False

10. True or False: Fact tables in a data schema are primarily designed to capture the descriptive attributes related to fact data.

  • True
  • False

11. True or False: In a Snowflake schema, normalization primarily focuses on enhancing the visual representation of the schema.

  • True
  • False

12. Which of the following statements accurately describes the contents of dimension tables? Select all that apply.

  • Dimension tables give supplementary data that complements the main data found in Fact tables.
  • Dimension tables store descriptive attributes that provide context to fact data.
  • Dimension tables always contain significantly fewer rows than Fact tables.
  • Dimension tables typically contain the main performance metrics for a business.

13. True or False: Cardinality in the context of data analytics primarily refers to the organization of data into columns and rows.

  • True
  • False

14. True or False: If each row in Table A’s column relates to numerous rows in Table B’s column, and not the other way around, it illustrates a one-to-one relationship.

  • True
  • False

15. True or False: The terms granularity and cardinality both refer to the level of detail in a dataset.

  • True
  • False

16. For which kind of dataset is a Star schema particularly suitable?

  • Medium-sized datasets with some hierarchy.
  • Smaller datasets.
  • Large datasets with some hierarchy.

17. What does the normalization of dimensions tables in a Snowflake schema help to reduce?

  • The need for data validation processes.
  • The data model’s storage requirements.
  • The complexity of hierarchical relationships.

18. You’re conducting a workshop for a group of potential data analysts all new to Power BI. One analyst is curious about the significance of DAX and asks, “What is DAX primarily used for in the context of Power BI?” How do you respond?

  • To create custom calculations on data models.
  • To establish relationships between different data sources.
  • To enhance the visualizations within Power BI.

19. How does DAX handles both filter and row contexts in a single formula?

  • The formula is evaluated using the filter context, and then the row context is applied to relevant rows.
  • The formula evaluates both the filter context and the row context in parallel for maximum efficiency.
  • The formula merges both the filter context and the row context into one unified context for simpler calculations.

20. In the context of DAX, what is the primary function of the filter context?

  • To evaluate relationships between tables and ensure correct data connections.
  • To evaluate the current row of a table during calculations.
  • To determine which rows or subsets should be considered for a calculation.

21. How are variables defined in a DAX formula?

  • Variables are defined in square brackets like the following example: [VariableName].
  • Variables are specified using the FUNCTION keyword before the variable name.
  • Variables are defined by placing the VAR keyword before the variable name.

22. You suggest cloning a table in an Adventure Works data model. Another analyst, unfamiliar with this process, asks you, "What is the primary reason for cloning a table in Power BI?" How would you respond?

  • To manipulate or augment data without altering the original table.
  • To create a backup of the original table.
  • To enhance performance by using a lightweight version of the table.

23. What are the benefits of using measures for reporting in Power BI? Select all that apply.

  • They enable user-friendly interfaces for report customization.
  • They dynamically update based on filtering and interactions within the report.
  • They ensure uniformity and consistency in metric calculations.
  • They provide an efficient way to represent large datasets.

24. How can measures primarily enhance Power BI's data visualization capabilities?

  • By providing a foundation for complex data visualizations.
  • By creating calculated tables from pre-calculated measures for better analysis.
  • By refining data interpretation in visual charts.

25. Adventure Works is discussing tracking the inventory levels of a new product line. The inventory level is a snapshot of a specific point in time and it can't be aggregated across time. In a situation where data represents a state at a specific point in time and requires different aggregations for different dimensions, which measure type is likely the most suitable?

  • Additive Measures
  • Semi-Additive Measures
  • Non-Additive Measures

26. When would the LASTDATE function be especially useful in the DAX language within Power BI?

  • When you want to count your dataset’s total number of dates.
  • When dealing with semi-additive calculations, you need the last date in the context.
  • When you wish to apply a new filter only to showcase the earliest date entry.

27. You are working on a dataset and need to sum up all numbers in this dataset and divide the result by the total count of numbers. Which function is best suited to this task?

  • MEDIAN
  • COUNT
  • AVERAGE

28. What do quick measures in Power BI primarily eliminate the need for?

  • Designing complex data visualizations.
  • Creating relationships between tables.
  • Writing DAX expressions manually for common calculations.

29. Which of the following DAX measures correctly utilizes the CROSSFILTER function to compute the total number of distinct products sold by year without changing the relationship between tables?

30. Which of the following are the benefits of optimizing columns and metadata in Power BI? Select all that apply.

  • It enhances the visual appeal of the reports.
  • It ensures efficient memory usage.
  • It allows more tables to be integrated efficiently.
  • It ensures a faster, smoother Power BI experience.

31. Which feature in the Power Query Editor helps understand issues such as column outliers?

  • Column Quality
  • Column Distribution
  • Column Profile

32. Which DAX operator is specifically used for combining two or more values into a single string?

  • %
  • &&
  • &

33. Why is optimization crucial when dealing with vast data sets?

  • It streamlines data storage without impacting performance.
  • It ensures that reports and dashboards run as smoothly and quickly as possible, even as data grows.
  • It enhances Power BI’s ability to work alongside other tools.

34. While reviewing sales data at a manufacturing company, you notice the extensive dataset. It contains product sales information across multiple regions spanning several years. You want to quickly locate data for a particular product in a specific region without going through the entire dataset. Which optimization technique should you use?

  • Filtering
  • Sorting
  • Indexing

35. In the context of Power BI, why can high cardinality be a concern for data analysts?

  • It reduces the size of the data model.
  • It presents data in the finest granularity.
  • It creates more direct relationships between tables in the data model.
  • It can slow down the performance of Power BI reports.

36. Which of the following statements correctly describes the primary purposes of data modeling? Select all that apply.

  • Data modeling is a tool that aids in designing clear data organizations for more effective visualization.
  • The main goal of data modeling is to develop predictive algorithms.
  • Data modeling offers a structured representation of data, allowing for easier interpretation and use for various business goals.
  • Data modeling is primarily done to ensure faster data processing speeds.

37. Which of the following are characteristics or consequences of using a Flat schema in Power BI? Select all that apply.

  • Flat schemas can lead to data redundancy and inconsistency.
  • A Flat schema is relatively straightforward to understand.
  • All data related to a business entity is stored in a single row.
  • Flat schemas are ideal for complex and large datasets.

38. In the context of Power BI, which statements accurately describe the structure of a Star schema? Select all that apply.

  • There are multiple Fact tables interconnected through one primary dimension table.
  • Dimension tables revolve around the central table, forming a star shape.
  • It contains only a single table that stores all data.
  • The primary feature is a Fact table connecting to several dimension tables.

39. A junior data analyst at Adventure Works asks you why choosing the right schema in database design and management is essential. How do you respond?

  • It influences the user interface of the database management software.
  • It determines how effectively and efficiently data can be stored, managed, and analyzed.
  • It affects the speed of the data collection process.

40. While discussing the data warehouse structure with your colleague at Adventure Works, you are trying to explain the significance of Fact tables in the overall schema. Your colleague, who is new to the concept, asks you “What are Fact tables known to contain in a data schema?”

  • Split information in the form of sub-tables.
  • Measurements, metrics, or facts of a business process.
  • Descriptive attributes related to fact data.

41. At Adventure Works, a junior analyst, unfamiliar with schemas, asks you “What does the term "normalized" refer to in the context of a Snowflake schema?”

  • The process of simplifying data queries.
  • The process of centering Fact tables in the schema.
  • The process of breaking down dimension tables into additional related tables.

42. True or False: Dimension tables in a data schema are primarily designed to capture main business performance metrics.

  • True
  • False

43. You're presenting to the executive team at Adventure Works about the new data model. One of the executives, unfamiliar with some of the terminology, asks “What does cardinality in the context of data analytics primarily refer to?”

  • The speed at which data queries are processed.
  • The size and volume of the dataset.
  • The nature of relationships between two datasets.

44. You're a data analyst at Adventure Works and have been handed a dataset detailing monthly sales over the past five years. The management wants to shift from a monthly analysis to a daily one. Why might Adventure Works want to increase granularity when examining a dataset?

  • To achieve a more detailed and in-depth understanding of the data.
  • To reduce the dataset’s size and make it more manageable.
  • To generalize and simplify the data for high-level analysis.

45. Adventure Works is considering the use of a Star schema in its database. Which of the following is a potential challenge of high granularity in a Star schema that the company might face?

  • Reduced query performance due to the size of the Fact table.
  • More intricate dimension table relationships.
  • An increase in the number of Star schemas in a database.

46. In a Snowflake schema, why might more sub-dimensions be introduced compared to a Star schema?

  • To minimize the necessity for data validation processes.
  • To reduce the depth of hierarchical data.
  • To better represent complex hierarchies.

47. Which of the following statements accurately describe the primary use of DAX in Power BI? Select all that apply.

  • DAX is essential for establishing relationships between data sources.
  • DAX enhances the aesthetic appeal of visualizations.
  • DAX is mainly utilized for creating custom calculations on data models.
  • DAX facilitates better interaction and computation of data within Power BI.

48. What is the result of using the following DAX formula:

Cloned_table_name = ALL('Original_table_name')

  • It merges Original_table_name with another table.
  • It creates a cloned version of Original_table_name named Cloned_table_name.
  • It creates a hierarchy between Original_table_name and other related tables.

49. During an Adventure Works board meeting you highlight the role of measures in this optimization process. Intrigued, one of the managers asks, “Why are measures considered beneficial in Power BI?” How do you respond?

  • They can work independently without any underlying data.
  • They dynamically update based on filtering and interactions within the report.
  • They serve as a primary tool for data cleansing and pre-processing.

50. In what ways do measures play an instrumental role in Power BI's visualization capabilities? Select all that apply.

  • Measures directly optimize the speed of data rendering in visuals.
  • Measures ensure accurate data representation by providing a consistent calculation basis.
  • Measures facilitate the development of calculated tables for comprehensive analysis.
  • Measures allow for the creation of new dynamic visuals.

51. In the context of Power BI, what does the LASTDATE function do?

  • It returns the last visible date in the filter context.
  • It filters data to show the latest date entry.
  • It identifies the final entry in a date series.

52. Which of the following statements correctly describe what quick measures empower users to do in Power BI? Select all that apply.

  • Take ownership of their data analysis and reporting.
  • Optimize the storage of data within Power BI.
  • Enhance the efficiency of data analysis workflows.
  • Simplify DAX expression creation.

53. What does metadata in Power BI include?

  • Dataset loading times.
  • Custom measure formulas and expressions.
  • Table names, column names, relationships, and data types.

54. In the context of Power BI, why might you want to change a column's data type? Select all that apply.

  • To achieve a more consistent data model structure.
  • To automatically update the column’s data.
  • To ensure the data type is memory-efficient and matches the data in the column.
  • To provide better alignment with visualization requirements.

55. Which of the following are benefits provided by performance optimization in Power BI?

  • Reduces the need to clean and pre-process data before importing to Power BI.
  • Enhanced speed and efficiency in executing queries.
  • Improved user experience with smooth and swift report loading.
  • More informed and timely decision-making.

56. What is a recommended strategy to manage high cardinality?

  • Expand data columns to include more details.
  • Summarize data during transformation.
  • Implement strict user access controls to the dataset.

57. True or False: The main aim of data modeling is to ensure the continuous flow of data within systems.

  • True
  • False

58. Adventure Works need you to help design its new database by selecting a suitable schema. What are the key reasons for choosing the right schema in database design and management? Select all that apply.

  • The right schema impacts how data is effectively and efficiently stored and managed.
  • It influences the user interface of the database management software.
  • It ensures effective querying for analysis depending on the data’s complexity.
  • It directly influences the speed of collecting data.

59. Which type of relationship is described where each record in a column of Table A corresponds to only one record in a column of Table B and vice versa?

  • Many-to-many relationship.
  • One-to-many relationship.
  • One-to-One relationship.

60. Which of the following statements are true in the context of Snowflake schemas and normalized dimension tables? Select all that apply.

  • A Snowflake schema can help to eliminate data redundancy.
  • A Snowflake schema can help to reduce a data model’s storage requirements.
  • A Snowflake schema eliminates the necessity of data validation.
  • Normalization simplifies the hierarchical relationships in dimension tables.

61. When both row and filter contexts are at play, which is typically considered first by DAX?

  • Both are equally prioritized based on the DAX expression.
  • The filter context to determine the data subset.
  • The row context, due to its data specificity.

62. When managing data with DAX, how do these filters interact with each other if several filters are applied to multiple columns within a table?

  • Filters determine the data displayed based on a combined condition.
  • Multiple filters narrow down data using the logical AND operation.
  • Filters execute based on the sequence they were created.
  • They determine the subset of data individually without influencing other filters.

63. What is the primary benefit of using variables in DAX?

  • They help to activate special functions unavailable in standard DAX.
  • They simplify complex calculations by enabling reuse and enhancing readability.
  • They introduce dynamic interactivity within the data model.

64. When using measures in Power BI, why might they be preferred over basic column calculations for enhancing visualizations?

  • They eliminate the need for DirectQuery mode.
  • They can detect outliers for every data point in a visualization.
  • They dynamically adapt to user interactions and filters.

65. You're assisting Adventure Works with rebuilding its e-commerce platform. The platform sells products in multiple countries, and the company wants to aggregate sales data across various dimensions like time zones, countries, and product categories. Which measure would be best suited for such aggregations?

  • Semi-Additive Measures
  • Non-Additive Measures
  • Additive Measures

66. When creating a quick measure in Power BI, where is the new measure created by default?

  • In the table you have selected from the Data pane.
  • In a new table.
  • Within the Quick Insights feature.

67. You're mentoring a junior data analyst trying to understand the workings of DAX. They stumble upon the CROSSFILTER function and ask about its usage. Which of the following best describes how CROSSFILTER can be used in DAX?

  • In conjunction with functions like SUM or AVERAGE to compute basic metrics.
  • As a standalone function to replace CALCULATE.
  • Within a function that accepts a filter as an argument, like CALCULATE.

68. How can you reference a column in a table without specifying the table name?

  • By using the column name enclosed in square brackets if the column is on the same table.
  • By using the column name followed by the table name in single quotes.
  • By using only the column name without square brackets.

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