Module 3: Basics of Programming

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In this post, I provide complete, accurate, and detailed explanations for the answers to Module 3: Basics of Programming of Course 1:Introduction to Software Engineering – IBM AI Developer Professional Certificate .

Whether you’re preparing for quizzes or brushing up on your knowledge, these insights will help you master the concepts effectively. Let’s dive into the correct answers and detailed explanations for each question!

Programming Languages and Organization

Practice Assignment

1. Which one of the following is an example of a compiled programming language?

  • Java ✅
  • HTML
  • Python
  • JavaScript

Explanation:
Java is compiled into bytecode, which runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Although it requires the JVM, it is still considered a compiled language.

2. True or false? Compiled programming languages are versatile and can be used across platforms as long as there is the correct interpreter.

  • True
  • False ✅

Explanation:
Compiled languages do not use interpreters; they require a compiler. Interpreted languages rely on an interpreter. Cross-platform use depends on platform-specific compilers or virtual machines like the JVM.

3. True or false? A high-level programming language uses the common English language to make its code more understandable and to increase the speed of coding and debugging programs.

  • True ✅
  • False

Explanation:
High-level languages (like Python, Java, etc.) use English-like syntax to improve readability and productivity.

4. Which of the following statements about a flowchart is correct?

  • A flowchart is more efficient than using pseudocode for large programming projects.
  • A flowchart is a pictorial representation of an algorithm, showing the steps of the algorithm as boxes of various shapes and colors connected by arrows. ✅
  • A flowchart helps explain exactly what each line of a program should do.
  • A flowchart is a basic, high-level description of an algorithm.

Explanation:
A flowchart visually represents the steps in an algorithm or process using shapes and arrows.

5. Which one of the following statements about the SQL language is true?

  • It is an assembly language.
  • It is used for querying non-relational data.
  • It is used to create, read, update, and delete data in a database. ✅
  • It is written in binary (0s and 1s).

Explanation:
SQL (Structured Query Language) is used for CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete) in relational databases.

Introduction to Programming Concepts

Practice Assignment

6. Which of the following is a piece of structured, stand-alone, and reusable code that will perform a single specific action?

  • A container
  • A vector
  • A function ✅
  • An array

Explanation:
A function is a block of reusable code designed to perform a single, specific task.

7. Which of the following words is used for the data stored in an object?

  • Property ✅
  • Behavior
  • Function
  • Method

Explanation:
In object-oriented programming, properties store the data (also called attributes) of an object.

8. Which of the following identifiers contains a single data item that can change value during the execution of the program?

  • Vector
  • Array
  • Variable ✅
  • Constant

Explanation:
A variable is a named storage that holds a single value and can be changed during program execution.

9. Which of the following is a type of programming logic?

  • Moving
  • Deciding
  • Looping ✅
  • Hopping

Explanation:
Looping is a fundamental logic structure that allows the execution of a set of instructions repeatedly based on a condition.

10. A Boolean variable can have which of the following values?

  • 1, 2
  • 0, 1 ✅
  • 0, -1
  • 0, 1, 2

Explanation:
 A Boolean variable can only hold two values: 0 (false) and 1 (true).

Graded Quiz: Basics of Programming

Graded Assignment

11. Which of the following is the generic term for referencing a program component such as a stored value, method, interface, or class by a custom-named label?

  • Container
  • Constant
  • Variable
  • Identifier ✅

Explanation:
An identifier is the name used to identify variables, functions, classes, or other elements in code.

12. Which one of the following applies to interpreted programming languages?

  • Better for programs installed on the computer or device
  • More difficult to write in, but creates faster applications
  • Available to users who have the same operating system or a device that understands the same language
  • A smaller program, normally scripted code, that must be created and repeated every time the code is run ✅

Explanation:
Interpreted languages like Python or JavaScript run through an interpreter each time, without creating a compiled executable.

13. Which one of the following applies to a compiled programming language compared to an interpreted language?

  • Creates a smaller program, normally using scripted code
  • Easier to learn and use, but requires an interpreter that can translate the source code into machine code
  • Takes longer to write the code, but it runs faster ✅
  • Better for websites and smaller processes that need to be repeated

Explanation:
Compiled languages usually offer faster execution, as the code is translated into machine language beforehand.

14. Which one of the following is an example of a low-level programming language?

  • SQL
  • Pascal
  • ARM ✅
  • Python

Explanation:
 ARM is an assembly language for ARM processors — a classic example of a low-level language.

15. Which of the following is a type of programming logic with only two values, "true" or "false", and is used in both branching and looping programming logic?

  • Branching statements
  • “And-do-while” loop
  • Boolean expression ✅
  • “if-then-else” statement

Explanation:
A Boolean expression evaluates to true or false and is central to conditional and loop logic.

16. What are the three key standpoints for organizing code?

  • Maintainability, accessibility, and scalability
  • Readability, scalability, and accessibility
  • Readability, maintainability, and scalability ✅
  • Readability, maintainability, and accessibility

Explanation:
These three principles ensure that code is easy to understand, update, and expand.

17. Which of the following is also often referred to as a scripting language?

  • A query language
  • An assembly programming language
  • An interpreted programming language ✅
  • A compiled programming language

Explanation:
 Scripting languages like Python and JavaScript are typically interpreted rather than compiled.

18. Which of the following is a type of looping programming logic?

  • while ✅
  • goto
  • if
  • switch

Explanation:
 The while loop repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a condition is true.

19. Which of the following is the best type of identifier for a data item whose value does not change?

  • Variable
  • Constant ✅
  • Vector
  • Array

Explanation:
A constant is used when the value should remain fixed throughout program execution.

20. Which of the following is a software methodology that focuses on objects rather than functions?

  • Extreme programming
  • SDLC
  • Modular programming
  • OOP ✅

Explanation:
OOP centers development around objects and classes, unlike functional programming.

Related contents:

Module 1: The Software Development Lifecycle
Module 2: Introduction to Software Development
Module 4: Software Architecture, Design, and Patterns
Module 5: Job Opportunities and Skillsets in Software Engineering
Module 6: Final Quiz and Final Project

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Course 2: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)
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Course 10: Software Developer Career Guide and Interview Preparation

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